Bolivians are voting in a referendum to determine if President Evo Morales can pursue a fourth term. A constitutional amendment is being considered that would permit Morales, if re-elected, to stay in office until 2025. The photo essay captures images from both the Yes campaign, which supports the amendment, and the No campaign, which opposes it.

The Aymara people of the Andes have a unique perspective on time, where the past is gestured towards the front and the future towards the back, contrary to most global cultural norms. This concept is reflected in their language and gestures, as studied by Rafael Núñez from the University of California, San Diego. The Bolivian Express explores this concept of time, Bolivia's history, and the recent symbolic reversal of the congress building's clock in La Paz as a statement of southern identity and decolonization.

In Bolivia, technological innovation is burgeoning, as evidenced by the story of 16-year-old Esteban Quispe from Patacamaya, who builds robots from trash. The country has seen significant projects like the Tupac Katari satellite and Mi Teleférico, and there are plans for a Technological Citadel to foster a Bolivian Silicon Valley. With the government's push to improve telecommunications and online services, more stories like Esteban's are emerging. Foreign contributions, such as Facebook's free internet access, US engineers' water filtration using llama feces, and German heart technology, complement local ingenuity. Bolivian technology, including an RFID-based vehicle registration system, is gaining attention for potential export. Bolivian Express highlights the country's technological progress and the importance of nurturing local talent to participate in the global tech transformation.

The article explores the concept of light through an old Aymara folktale about a Fox and a Monkey, using it as a metaphor to discuss the various ways light is perceived and used in Bolivian culture. It touches on the literal and metaphorical uses of light, from photography and cinema to spiritual enlightenment and the experiences of convicts. The issue of Bolivian Express delves into these themes with contributions from journalists and an article by Nikolaus Cox on the significance of the moon to the residents and visitors of Isla de la Luna on Lake Titicaca.

Bolivian Express explores the surreal aspects of Bolivia, from the Salar de Uyuni, the world's largest salt flat, to the Salvador Dalí Desert. The issue delves into the connections between Sigmund Freud's ideas and Bolivia's coca crop, examines altered states of consciousness, and discovers the influence of surrealism in Bolivian arts. The publication encourages self-reflection through the surreal, whether by visiting unique physical spaces or understanding the unusual ways people live.

The kusillo, a character in Bolivian folklore, symbolizes the country's cultural diversity and history. Often seen in traditional dances, the kusillo's appearance and role have evolved over time. This issue of Bolivian Express explores various aspects of Bolivian culture, from the boutique shopping experience at Mistura to the music of Panchi Maldonado's band Atajo. It also delves into the impact of fake news on Bolivia's political climate and the state of modern art in Cochabamba.

Leftist candidate Pedro Castillo is considered the winner of the tight presidential runoff in Peru, leading over conservative Keiko Fujimori with 50.2% of the votes after 98.3% of polling stations were counted. Former Bolivian President Evo Morales congratulated Castillo on his victory. Fujimori's team is pinning hopes on vote tally challenges to be resolved by the National Electoral Jury. The Organization of American States described the election process as normal and transparent, while Fujimori's party alleged fraud, a claim denied by the ONPE.

Bolivian wine-growers at altitudes of up to 2,000 meters are leveraging the unique conditions to produce distinctive wines with thicker grape skins and higher resveratrol content. The Tarija region's temperate climate, intense sunshine, and protection from strong winds contribute to the wine's unique characteristics. With a history dating back to the 17th century, Bolivian wine production remains small but is gaining popularity alongside a gastronomic boom in La Paz. Experts like oenologist Nelson Sfarcich and vineyard owner Maria Jose Granier highlight the advantages of high-altitude viticulture, while sommelier Carla Molina Garcia sees potential for quality growth in the market.

Bolivian farmers at nearly 2,000 meters above sea level cultivate grapes introduced centuries ago by Jesuit missions to produce high-altitude wines that aspire to enchant global markets. Tarija, in southern Bolivia, is the main wine-producing region, with unique climatic conditions that contribute to the wine's distinct characteristics. Enologist Nelson Sfarcich highlights the increased ultraviolet rays at high altitudes, which lead to thicker grape skins and higher resveratrol content. María José Granier of Jardín Oculto and winemaker Helmut Kohlberg note the elegant flavors and soft but potent aromas of Bolivian wines. Despite a smaller production compared to neighbors Argentina and Chile, Bolivian wine producers see potential in niche markets focused on quality. The country's wine history dates back to the 17th century with Jesuit priests cultivating grapes for religious ceremonies, primarily from Spain.

The Bolivian Prosecutor's Office issued arrest warrants for former right-wing president Jeanine Áñez and several of her ministers on charges of sedition and terrorism. The opposition claims political persecution. Ex-ministers Alvaro Coimbra and Rodrigo Guzmán were detained, while the whereabouts of Áñez are unknown. Former presidents Carlos Mesa and Jorge Quiroga condemned the actions, and Luis Fernando Camacho, who won the governorship of Santa Cruz, accused the government of lying about a coup. The CIDH is investigating the events of late 2019.