Gabon's national dialogue, aimed at establishing civilian rule, concluded with proposals for governance reforms. Delegates in Libreville discussed rebuilding political, economic, and social structures after decades of Bongo family rule and recent military control. Key proposals include addressing poverty, underdevelopment, youth unemployment, and creating an independent election body. Recommendations for presidential term limits and decentralization were also made. The dialogue's outcomes will be reviewed and presented to transitional President General Brice Oligui Nguema, who has pledged to respect the resolutions and transition to democratic rule by August 2025.

On International Women's Day, approximately 30,000 Cameroonian women marched to demand better access to education and economic opportunities, and an end to harmful prejudices and practices. They advocated for gender equality, criticizing the high illiteracy rates among women due to educational preferences for boys and the male-dominated land ownership. Traditional rulers attended the rally, addressing inhumane widow practices. The government, represented by Minister Marie-Therese Abena Ondoa, expressed commitment to women's empowerment, citing increased female representation in the National Assembly and local governments.

Chad's military ruler, General Mahamat Idriss Deby, has been announced as the candidate for the upcoming 2024 presidential elections by the Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), the country's former ruling party. This move has sparked condemnation from opposition parties and civil society groups, who argue that Chad should not be ruled by a single family dynasty. Deby seized power following his father's death in 2021 and pushed through a new constitution that allows him to run for president. Opposition leader Albert Pahimi Padacke criticized Deby's actions and warned against the potential for violence and continued poverty under his rule. Despite opposition, Deby was also named honorary president of the MPS.

Transport ministers from Chad, the Central African Republic (C.A.R.), and Cameroon met in Kribi, Cameroon, to address the transportation challenges that are contributing to civil strife and rising commodity prices in Chad and the C.A.R. The Douala and Kribi seaports in Cameroon, which handle the majority of goods for these landlocked countries, are facing delays, with goods taking about a month to reach their destinations. The price hikes and food shortages are attributed to insecurity, illegal checkpoints, poor road conditions, and rebel and terrorist attacks. The ministers have agreed to dismantle illegal checkpoints and establish authorized ones to ensure the safety of goods and drivers. They are also seeking international funding for road construction. The leaders of Chad and the C.A.R. have called for emergency food support due to the hunger crisis exacerbated by various factors, including climate shocks and inter-communal tensions.

Gabon has been facing political unrest since General Brice Oligui Nguema ousted President Ali Ben Bongo in a bloodless coup at the end of August. Following the coup, Gabon was suspended from regional economic blocs CEMAC and ECCAS. Despite the junta leader's claims of restoring stability and improving public services, Central African states have maintained sanctions. Opposition and civil society groups are protesting, demanding the lifting of sanctions and arguing that Gabon should be allowed to participate in international discussions. The military junta has made diplomatic efforts to have the sanctions lifted and has promised to restore civilian rule by August 2025, with a national dialogue planned for April 2024 to adopt a transition plan.

Civil society groups and opposition parties in Gabon are protesting against sanctions imposed by Central African states following a coup that ousted President Ali Ben Bongo. The sanctions include suspension from CEMAC and ECCAS. The coup, led by General Brice Oligui Nguema, was described as a move to prevent bloodshed and address corruption. The junta has made efforts to stabilize the country, settle debts, and improve public services. Critics argue that the sanctions hinder Gabon's participation in regional and international discussions. The military junta has reached out to the UN and member states to lift the sanctions, emphasizing their commitment to organizing elections and restoring civilian rule by August 2025. However, some believe that regional leaders are hesitant to lift sanctions due to fears of encouraging military takeovers in their own countries.

In Cameroon, opposition leaders are uniting to present a single candidate for the next presidential election, in anticipation of President Paul Biya's potential incapacitation. Maurice Kamto, leader of the Cameroon Renaissance Movement Party, has been selected by the Political Alliance for Change (PAC) as their candidate. The PAC is inviting members of Biya's CPDM party who are disillusioned with his rule to join them. Biya, who did not mention re-election plans in his New Year's message, has been criticized for the country's economic issues, which he attributes to global crises. The opposition challenges Biya's economic growth and inflation figures, accusing him of mismanaging the country's resources. The Center for Human Rights and Democracy in Central Africa notes the difficulty for the opposition to overcome the fragmented political landscape and beat Biya or a CPDM candidate in elections.

Cameroon's main opposition party, the Cameroon Renaissance Movement Party, led by Maurice Kamto, is forming a coalition with over 30 opposition leaders to present a unified candidate in the next presidential election. This move comes in anticipation of the possibility that President Paul Biya, who has been in power since 1982, may not run due to ill health. The coalition, known as the Political Alliance for Change (PAC), aims to challenge Biya's long-standing rule. Despite expectations, Biya did not announce early elections in his New Year's message and instead spoke about the economic crisis attributed to global conflicts and corruption. The opposition criticizes Biya's economic management, while experts note the challenge of a fragmented opposition overcoming Biya or his party's candidate in an election.

Chad's military leader, Mahamat Idriss Deby, has appointed Success Masra, a former opposition leader, as the prime minister of a new transitional government. Masra, who returned from exile, is tasked with leading the country to elections and a return to civilian rule. Despite skepticism from opposition and civil society groups about his ability to influence Deby, Masra insists his role will not hinder the push for democratic elections. The new government faces challenges such as convincing striking teachers to return to work and addressing living conditions and fuel shortages. Masra also aims to ensure the implementation of a general amnesty for those arrested during protests in October 2022. The appointment follows the resignation of the previous prime minister, Saleh Kebzabo, and the adoption of a new constitution, which has been criticized by opposition groups as a means to extend Deby's rule.

Chad's military leader, Mahamat Idriss Deby, has appointed Success Masra, a former opposition leader, as the prime minister in a new transitional government. This move has been met with skepticism by opposition and civil society groups who doubt Masra's ability to influence Deby to relinquish power. Despite the concerns, Masra insists on pushing for elections and a return to civilian rule. The new government was announced following the resignation of the previous prime minister, Saleh Kebzabo, and the approval of a new constitution by referendum. Critics argue that the transitional government is filled with Deby's allies and question the legitimacy of the recent constitutional changes. Masra, who had previously fled to the United States, has returned to Chad and is urging for national dialogue, particularly with teachers on strike, and is committed to improving living conditions and ensuring a general amnesty for those arrested during protests.

Central Africa is experiencing severe fuel shortages that have hampered economic growth, disrupted businesses, and led to increased food prices and social unrest. The shortages are attributed to higher demand, supply disruptions, and illegal trade in conflict zones. In Cameroon, stormy weather has stranded cargo ships, affecting the fuel supply. The Central African Republic and Chad are also facing fuel crises, with Chad experiencing protests and illegal fuel trade on its border with Sudan. Officials are taking measures such as regulating fuel sales and importing more fuel to stabilize the situation. Chad anticipates an improvement when a refinery reopens after maintenance.

Central Africa is experiencing severe fuel shortages that have hampered economic growth, disrupted businesses, and led to increased food prices and social unrest. The shortages are attributed to higher demand, supply disruptions, and illegal trade in conflict zones. In Cameroon, stormy weather has caused delays in cargo ship arrivals, affecting the fuel supply. The Central African Republic, reliant on Cameroon's Douala seaport, faces similar issues, impacting humanitarian aid delivery. Chad is experiencing social unrest due to the crisis, with reports of protests and illegal fuel trade on the border with Sudan, exacerbated by Sudan's civil war. Efforts to regulate fuel sales and imports are underway, with Chad, Cameroon, and the CAR limiting sales to 20 liters per motorist and Cameroon liberalizing petroleum product imports.

Chad's military leader, Gen. Mahamat Idriss Deby, has stated his commitment to respecting the outcome of the recent constitutional referendum, which provisional results show was approved by 86% of voters. The referendum, which took place on December 17, is seen as a step towards civilian rule, with a transition planned for December 2024. However, opposition leaders and civil society groups have contested the legitimacy of the referendum, suggesting it was a sham and expressing skepticism about the military's intention to relinquish power. They point to a low voter turnout and claim that many voters did not collect their voter cards. Despite these challenges, the transitional military government highlights the high approval rate as an endorsement of their plans. The country's Supreme Court is expected to confirm the provisional results, with no significant changes anticipated.

Chad's Supreme Court is set to announce the final results of the constitutional referendum that suggests a shift towards civilian rule. Provisional results showed 86% approval for the new constitution, with a voter turnout of over 63%. However, opposition leaders and civil society groups dispute these figures, arguing that the referendum was a facade and that many voters did not participate. They also express concern that the military, under General Mahamat Idriss Deby, is not genuinely prepared to relinquish power. Deby, who took over after his father's death in 2021, had promised elections within 18 months but extended his rule until November 2024. The opposition fears that the new constitution does not prevent Deby from running for president, while the transitional prime minister, Saleh Kebzabo, urges parties to focus on preparing for the 2024 elections rather than engaging in political disputes.

Chad's Supreme Court is set to announce the definitive results of the constitutional referendum that suggests a transition to civilian rule. Provisional results showed an 86% approval for the new constitution, with a voter turnout of over 63%. However, opposition leaders and civil society groups dispute these figures, claiming the referendum was a sham and that many voters did not participate. General Mahamat Idriss Deby, who took power after his father's death in April 2021, has been accused of trying to extend his family's rule. Despite promises of elections within 18 months, Deby extended his rule until November 2024. The opposition fears the new constitution does not prevent Deby from running for president. The military government emphasizes the referendum's role in moving towards civilian rule and a decentralized government system. The Supreme Court's final verdict is awaited, with no expected deviation from the provisional results.

The National Commission Charged with the Organization of Chad's December 17 Constitutional Referendum (CONOREC) reports that millions of voter cards remain uncollected shortly before the referendum. The new constitution, if passed, would lead to elections and a return to civilian rule. However, opposition figures, including Brice Mbaimon Guedmbaye, express skepticism about the military ruler Mahamat Idriss Deby's intentions to relinquish power, citing his past actions and the current intimidation of opposition groups. Deby took power after his father's death and extended his rule despite earlier promises. The opposition criticizes the referendum's credibility and CONOREC's impartiality, with some advocating for a 'no' vote or a boycott. Meanwhile, Francois Djekonbe of the Yes Coalition argues that the new constitution will bring judicial independence, institutional reforms, and decentralization, including elected local governors and financial autonomy for regions.

Chad's military government has acknowledged that a majority of the approximately 8 million voters are not prepared to participate in the December 17 constitutional referendum, which is intended to facilitate a transition back to civilian governance. The National Commission (CONOREC) reports that many voters have not collected their voter cards, which are necessary to vote. Opposition and civil society groups, including the Movement of Chadian Patriots for the Republic, are advocating for a boycott, labeling the referendum a sham. They argue that the current military ruler, Mahamat Idriss Deby, is unlikely to relinquish power and is suppressing dissent. Despite this, the Yes Coalition, supported by the military government, claims the new constitution will promote judicial independence and decentralize government power, including reinstating presidential term limits. The referendum's outcome will influence Chad's political landscape until the planned presidential elections in 2024.

Cameroon is facing a bedbug infestation in its capital, Yaounde, and other regions. The bugs, believed to be imported from Europe, are causing health issues such as insomnia, skin irritation, and psychological distress. The government has mobilized sanitation and health workers to disinfect homes and combat the infestation. Mariline Longue from Cite Verte District Hospital reported a high prevalence of bedbugs in Yaounde's congested neighborhoods. Maritial Ayissi, a sanitation officer, criticized the lack of preventive measures at borders and noted the bugs' resistance to chemical treatments. Concerns have been raised about the potential spread to neighboring countries through imported goods. The French government has acknowledged bedbug sightings but found no evidence of a resurgence on public transport.

Cameroon is facing a significant bedbug infestation in its capital, Yaounde, and other towns and villages. The bugs, believed to be imported by travelers from Europe, are causing health issues such as insomnia, skin irritation, psychological distress, and sleeping problems. The government has mobilized sanitation and health workers to disinfect homes and eradicate the pests. Mariline Longue from the Cite Verte District Hospital reported a high prevalence of bedbug infestations in Yaounde's congested neighborhoods. Maritial Ayissi, a sanitation officer, criticized the lack of preventive measures at borders and noted the bugs' resistance to chemical treatments. Concerns have been raised about the potential spread to neighboring countries through imported goods. The government plans to disinfect airports and imported goods if necessary. France has also experienced bedbug sightings, but the government there has downplayed the extent of the issue.

General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Gabon's military leader, visited Cameroon to request the lifting of economic sanctions imposed by CEMAC after his coup against President Ali Bongo Ondimba. Nguema, who plans to restore constitutional rule by October 2025, has been touring central African countries to justify the coup as a necessary action to save Gabon from the Bongo family's autocratic rule. He has promised to fight corruption, implement economic reforms, and revise the electoral code before the 2025 elections. However, Georges Mpaga of Gabon's governance network is skeptical of Nguema's intentions, urging a focus on constitutional order and democratic elections. Nguema reassured that he would honor his commitment to transfer power to civilians.

General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Gabon's military leader, has been seeking support from central African states to lift economic sanctions imposed by CEMAC after he led a coup against President Ali Bongo Ondimba. Nguema, who plans to restore constitutional rule by October 2025, has been touring countries like Chad, the Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, and the Republic of Congo to justify the coup as a necessary action to save Gabon from the Bongo family's autocratic rule. He has promised to fight corruption, implement economic reforms, and revise the electoral code before holding elections in August 2025. However, Georges Mpaga, a civil society leader, expressed skepticism about Nguema's intentions, suggesting that his extensive plans might be a strategy to maintain power.

Ordjei Abderahim Chaha, president of the opposition party Rally for Justice and Equality in Chad, criticized the military ruler Mahamat Idriss Deby for not requesting French troops to leave the country. Chaha claims that the French military presence is intended to support the Chadian military junta and suppress civilian protests. Opposition and civil society groups demand the withdrawal of French troops by December 2024 and the cancellation of agreements between France and Chad. Despite Deby's promise to transition to civilian rule, his failure to do so in October 2022 has led to distrust. There have been multiple protests against the French military, who are accused of brutality and restricting local access to their bases. France claims its troops are in Africa to maintain peace, but their lack of intervention in Chad's conflicts raises questions about their role. French President Emmanuel Macron has promised to withdraw troops from Niger, amid criticisms of France's inability to resolve security crises in the region.

In northern Cameroon, the planting of about half-a-million trees in and around the Minawao refugee camp has led to a significant reduction in resource conflicts. The camp, established by UNHCR to house refugees fleeing Boko Haram violence, has grown beyond its intended capacity, putting a strain on natural resources. The reforestation project has not only decreased clashes over food and water but also provided refugees with fuel wood, medicinal leaves, and materials for gardening and animal care. Women have experienced less exposure to sexual abuse and violence due to shorter distances for fetching firewood and water. UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Emtithal Mahmoud visited the area to collect success stories to share at the upcoming COP 28 climate conference, emphasizing the importance of addressing climate change and supporting refugee-led initiatives.

In northern Cameroon, conflicts over resources have significantly decreased due to the planting of approximately 500,000 trees around the Minawao refugee camp. The camp, established by UNHCR to accommodate refugees fleeing Boko Haram violence, has grown beyond its intended capacity, putting a strain on natural resources. The reforestation project has not only reduced resource-related conflicts but also provided benefits such as fuel, medicine, and improved safety for women. UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador Emtithal Mahmoud visited the area to gather success stories to present at the upcoming COP 28 climate conference, emphasizing the importance of such initiatives in the global development agenda.

Cameroon celebrated President Paul Biya's 41 years in office with events in all districts. Biya's CPDM party and supporters advocate for his candidacy in the 2025 election, citing advancements in political plurality, education, and infrastructure. However, Biya faces criticism for alleged election rigging, oppression of opponents, and slow development. Unemployed graduate Yusinyu Omer criticizes Biya's long tenure and blames him for the country's stagnation and inability to resolve conflicts, such as the Anglophone crisis and Boko Haram insurgency. Despite accusations of corruption and poverty, the government claims Biya is in good health. Biya, the world's oldest leader, has not confirmed if he will run again. He succeeded Ahmadou Ahidjo in 1982, who resigned due to health issues.

Cameroon has requested Chad to withdraw its troops from Birnigoni, an island in the Lake Chad region. Chadian forces have been present since 2014 to combat Boko Haram militants and ensure civilian safety. Cameroon's military asserts that peace is returning to the area and wants to assume full control. High-level military discussions are taking place with local civilians regarding their safety post-withdrawal. Cameroon had initially consented to the Chadian military presence following a deadly Boko Haram attack. Chad's infantry chief of staff, Mahamat Souleymane, indicated a willingness for joint operations before a full withdrawal, without specifying a date. Civilians, including cattle rancher Amunitah Sule, express a desire for continued protection by both Cameroonian and Chadian forces before a complete handover. Despite regular jihadist attacks, Chad's military denies suffering recent casualties. The Lake Chad basin, affected by a 14-year insurgency, is supported by the Multinational Joint Task Force, which includes 11,000 soldiers from the region.

Cameroon has requested Chad to withdraw its troops from Birnigoni island on Lake Chad, where they have been stationed since 2014 to combat Boko Haram militants. Cameroon wishes to have its own troops take over control of the island, asserting that peace is returning to the region. High-ranking Cameroonian military officials are engaging with civilians to ensure their safety post-withdrawal. Chad's infantry chief of staff, Mahamat Souleymane, indicated that joint operations for civilian protection would precede the withdrawal of Chadian forces, without specifying a date. Civilians, including cattle rancher Amunitah Sule, express a desire for a collaborative transition period for protection before Chadian forces leave. Despite regular jihadist attacks, the Multinational Joint Task Force, which includes soldiers from the Lake Chad countries and Benin, continues to fight against Boko Haram and other armed groups in the region.

Chad's transitional government has appointed a civilian defense minister, Dago Yacouba, as part of its preparations for a return to constitutional rule. Yacouba, who took office on October 21, is tasked with combating armed gangs and rebel groups to maintain peace ahead of a constitutional referendum and elections. His appointment has been met with skepticism by the opposition, which accuses the military junta of silencing dissent and maintaining power. Protests have erupted demanding the release of individuals arrested during demonstrations. The military government denies prohibiting political rallies but requires authorization for gatherings. The previous defense minister, General Daoud Yaya Brahim, resigned after a scandal, raising concerns about the morality of government officials. The transitional period is set to end with elections in November 2024.

Chad's Transitional Military Council has appointed Dago Yacouba as the civilian defense minister to aid in the transition to constitutional rule. Yacouba, who took office on Monday, has pledged to defend Chad against destabilizing forces and maintain peace ahead of a constitutional referendum set for December 17 and elections in November 2024. His appointment follows his service as deputy secretary general of the MPS, the former ruling party founded by the late President Idriss Deby Itno. Opposition parties have criticized Yacouba's appointment, claiming it is a move to maintain the Deby family's power and alleging that the military junta is suppressing opposition. Protests have erupted demanding the release of individuals arrested during demonstrations. The military government denies banning political rallies but requires authorization for gatherings. The previous defense minister, General Daoud Yaya Brahim, resigned after a scandal involving leaked tapes.

Judd Devermont, a U.S. official, visited Gabon to discuss the transition to civilian rule following a military coup that occurred in August. The coup leaders, including General Brice Oligui Nguema and Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima, have not specified when they will return power to civilians. The U.S. has suspended most nonhumanitarian aid to Gabon, and international sanctions have been imposed by the African Union and the U.N. to pressure a return to constitutional order. Gabon's military government is planning a national dialogue in December and is working on reforms before elections. The U.S. delegation, including Ambassador Ellen Thorburn, expressed the intention to maintain good relations with Gabon and hopes for a quick transition to civilian rule. Defense and security consultant Jean Cedric Obame Emane believes Nguema can return power to civilian rule in less than three years, despite the challenges ahead.

U.S. officials, including Judd Devermont and Ambassador Ellen Thorburn, have met with Gabon's military leaders to discuss a transition to civilian rule following a coup in August. The U.S. has suspended most nonhumanitarian aid to Gabon and is pushing for a quick return to constitutional order. Gabon's coup leader, General Brice Oligui Nguema, and Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima have not provided a timeline for the transition. The military government is planning a national dialogue in December and is working on reforms before elections. The African Union and the U.N. have sanctioned Gabon, which could impact its economy. Defense consultant Jean Cedric Obame Emane believes Nguema can return power to civilians in less than three years, noting that the military faces economic and social challenges beyond organizing elections.

In Chad, rights groups and the political opposition are marking the first anniversary of a crackdown that resulted in 128 deaths and over 500 injuries. The crackdown occurred during protests against military rule. Mahamat El Mahdi Abderrahmane of a local NGO has called for the withdrawal of an arrest warrant against opposition leader Succes Masra, issued by the Transitional Military Council. Masra, who leads the main opposition party Transformers, faces charges that he claims are fabricated to prevent his presidential candidacy. Theophile Bebzoune Bongoro, a union president, criticized the military government for not delivering justice to victims of the protests. Despite claims of progress by military President Mahamat Idriss Deby, allegations of human rights abuses persist. Chad is expected to transition to civilian rule and hold presidential elections in 2024.

In Chad, rights groups and the political opposition are commemorating the first anniversary of a crackdown that resulted in 128 deaths and over 500 injuries. The crackdown occurred during protests against military rule. Mahamat El Mahdi Abderrahmane, a civil society leader, is calling for the withdrawal of an international arrest warrant against opposition leader Succes Masra, issued by the Transitional Military Council. Masra, who leads the main opposition party, the Transformers, faces charges that he claims are fabricated to prevent him from running for president. The political and security situation in Chad remains tense, with many in exile unable to return. Theophile Bebzoune Bongoro, another civil society leader, criticizes the military government for not providing justice to victims of the protests. Despite these tensions, military President Mahamat Idriss Deby claims to be implementing resolutions from a national dialogue and promises a return to constitutional rule. Human Rights Watch has reported that recent arrests seem to be an attempt to limit political dissent ahead of a constitutional vote.

In Gabon, the military-appointed Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima has warned that business leaders who have been paid for work not completed will be arrested. This is part of an anti-corruption initiative following a military coup. The coup leader, Gen. Brice Oligui Neguema, has been visiting abandoned infrastructure projects, prompting some companies to resume work. Civilians have reported past promises by ousted President Ali Bongo Ondimba that were never fulfilled. The military junta has created an anti-corruption task force and has a list of companies that received money but did not execute projects. The junta has also recovered assets from Bongo's family and associates and plans to invest in improving infrastructure. Political science lecturer Guy Roger Makongo commented on Nguema's actions and the skepticism regarding the transition back to civilian rule.

Chad's opposition and civil society groups, led by Ordjei Abderahim Chaha of the Rally for Justice and Equality party, are demanding the withdrawal of French troops from Chad. These troops recently arrived from Niger after being expelled by the Nigerien military junta. The opposition criticizes Chad's military ruler, Mahamat Idriss Deby, for not removing the French military, which they believe is supporting the junta and suppressing civilian protests. Despite Deby's promise to transition to civilian rule, his failure to do so has led to distrust. Incidents of violence and protests against the French military presence have been reported, with accusations of brutality and restrictions imposed by French forces. France claims its troops are in Africa to maintain peace, but locals question the benefits. French President Emmanuel Macron has pledged to withdraw troops from Niger, but their final destination remains unclear.

Chad's opposition and civil society groups are demanding the withdrawal of French troops from Chad, following their recent arrival from Niger after being asked to leave by Niger's military junta. Ordjei Abderahim Chaha, president of the opposition party Rally for Justice and Equality, accuses Chadian military ruler Mahamat Idriss Deby of failing to transition power to civilian rule and using French troops to maintain the junta's power. There have been multiple protests against the French military presence in Chad, with accusations of brutality and restrictions on civilians. Despite French claims of ensuring peace, their troops have not intervened in Chad's internal conflicts. France's military spokesperson announced the arrival of troops in N'Djamena, with plans to return to Paris, while equipment is to transit through Cameroon. French President Emmanuel Macron has promised to withdraw French troops from Niger amidst criticism of France's inability to resolve security crises in the region.

In Gabon, the military-appointed Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima has ordered businesses that have previously collected money for work not completed to resume their projects or face arrest. This directive is part of a broader anti-corruption campaign following a coup led by Gen. Brice Oligui Neguema. Neguema's government is taking action against contractors who received funds from the former regime but failed to execute projects. The junta has created an anti-corruption task force and has a list of such companies. The ousted President Ali Bongo Ondimba and his associates are accused of owning companies that never completed contracted work. The military junta has also promised to invest in infrastructure and has arrested several individuals, including Bongo's family members, on charges related to corruption and embezzlement.

Chad's exiled opposition leader, Succes Masra, has postponed his return from exile due to increasing threats to civil liberties by Chad's Transitional Military Council. Masra, who leads the main opposition party The Transformers, cited the tense political and security situation and the arbitrary arrest, detention, and torture of opponents as reasons for the delay. He has sought intervention from the Democratic Republic of Congo President Felix Tshisekedi and highlighted the Transitional Military Council's disregard for human rights and the resolutions of the Inclusive and Sovereign National Dialogue. Despite the military's promises, Masra's supporters, like secondary school teacher Mahamat Ali, are skeptical of the military junta's commitment to development and a return to constitutional rule by 2024. International pressure from organizations and countries is deemed necessary for a transition to democratic governance in Chad.

Succes Masra, the exiled leader of Chad's main opposition party The Transformers, has postponed his return from exile due to increasing threats to civil liberties by Chad's Transitional Military Council. Masra has called for the release of citizens arrested for protesting against the military as a sign of good faith. He has sought intervention from DRC President Felix Tshisekedi and highlighted human rights violations in Chad. The Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC) appointed Tshisekedi to facilitate Chad's political transition. Masra's decision to delay his return was widely shared on social media and by Chad's media outlets. Despite the military's claims of progress towards democracy, Masra and rights groups like Amnesty International emphasize the need for international pressure to ensure a transition to democratic governance in Chad.

Chad is facing a severe humanitarian crisis as it struggles to accommodate 2 million refugees and displaced persons, including women and children, from neighboring countries such as Sudan. President Mahamat Idriss Déby has highlighted the urgent need for international assistance to provide protection and aid, including food, shelter, water, and sanitation. The influx of refugees, particularly from Sudan due to recent violence, has led to conflicts over resources with local communities. The United Nations refugee agency acknowledges the strain on Chad's resources and the potential for conflict. Amina Abu, a refugee from Darfur, shared her plight on Chad state TV, emphasizing the dire conditions faced by new arrivals.

Following the military coup in Gabon, the new military-appointed government has announced plans to invest over $10 million in public social amenities, funded by the recovery of assets from the family and associates of the ousted President Ali Bongo. The assets include around $11.6 million and 350 luxury vehicles. Transitional President General Brice Oligui Nguema has initiated a campaign against corruption and impunity. The junta has arrested Noureddin Bongo Valentin, the son of the former president, and others on charges of treason and corruption. Sylvia Bongo Ondimba, the former president's wife, is under house arrest. The military junta's actions have been broadcast on state TV, showing the seizure of wealth. The international community has imposed sanctions on Gabon, and the junta hopes these actions will lead to the lifting of sanctions. Critics urge further investigation into the Bongo family's foreign assets to alleviate poverty in Gabon.

Gen. Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, the leader of the coup in Gabon, visited the Central African Republic (CAR) to discuss the reasons behind the military takeover with CAR President Faustin-Archange Touadera. Nguema explained that the coup was necessary to end the long-standing autocratic rule in Gabon and to prevent potential violence from the opposition. The regional economic blocs CEMAC and ECCAS, of which Gabon is a member, suspended Gabon's membership and condemned the coup. Nguema is seeking to lift international sanctions and claims that the military junta is working towards restoring stability, economic development, and planning for transparent elections. Despite the sanctions from the African Union and the UN, and concerns from countries like France, China, Russia, the UK, Canada, and the US, Nguema has promised to open an embassy in CAR and has not specified a timeline for returning to civilian rule.

The military-appointed government of Gabon, following the ousting of President Ali Bongo, has announced plans to invest over $10 million in public social amenities. This investment, along with the distribution of hundreds of luxury vehicles, comes from wealth recovered from Bongo's family and associates. Transitional President General Brice Oligui Nguema and Prime Minister Raymond Ndong Sima are leading efforts to repurpose the seized assets for the benefit of public institutions. The junta has recovered approximately $11.6 million and 350 luxury vehicles. Despite these actions, the junta has not disclosed specific details about the recovery process. The government's actions follow the arrest of Bongo's son and several associates on charges of corruption and treason. The international community has imposed sanctions on Gabon, and the junta hopes these measures will demonstrate a commitment to change and lead to the lifting of sanctions.

Gen. Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, the leader of the recent coup in Gabon, visited the Central African Republic (CAR) to discuss the reasons behind the military takeover with CAR President Faustin-Archange Touadera. Nguema justified the coup as a necessary step to end the long-standing, oppressive rule of President Ali Bongo Ondimba and to preempt potential violence from the opposition. The regional economic blocs CEMAC and ECCAS, of which Gabon is a member, have suspended Gabon's membership and condemned the coup. Nguema's visit to CAR is part of an effort to lift international sanctions and to seek support for the junta's plan to restore stability, revise the electoral code, and eventually hold fair elections. Despite international condemnation, some Gabonese citizens have expressed support for the junta. Nguema has not specified a timeline for the transition to civilian rule but has promised to open an embassy in CAR for Gabonese citizens there.

Chad's President Mahamat Idriss Deby is promoting his efforts to maintain peace and restore civilian rule, following the Inclusive and Sovereign National Dialogue resolutions from October 2022. Despite this, the opposition criticizes the government for ongoing issues such as hunger, poverty, and armed conflict. Deby has been touring the country, including a recent visit to Abeche, to discuss developments and the commitment to end poverty. He highlighted improvements in water access, healthcare, education, and economic projects. Deby also emphasized the goal of holding free elections by November 2024. However, opposition leader Timan Erdimi accuses Deby of failing to implement peace deal resolutions and maintaining a strong hold on power. International entities like France, the EU, and the AU have urged Deby to adhere to the election timeline.

Chad's President Mahamat Idriss Deby is on a national tour promoting his administration's efforts to maintain peace and restore civilian rule, as agreed upon during the Inclusive and Sovereign National Dialogue in October 2022. Despite these efforts, the opposition criticizes the government for ongoing issues with hunger, poverty, and armed conflict. Deby has highlighted improvements in infrastructure, healthcare, and education, and has committed to free elections by November 2024. However, opposition leader Timan Erdimi accuses Deby of failing to implement peace deal resolutions and maintaining a tight hold on power. International bodies, including France, the EU, and the AU, have urged Deby to adhere to the election timeline.

Defense ministers and security experts from Cameroon and Chad are meeting in Yaounde to discuss joint efforts to combat security threats along their shared border. The region faces challenges from Boko Haram terrorist attacks, cross-border crimes, and armed gangs. The porous border between the two countries allows for the movement of these groups. Cameroon's defense minister, Joseph Beti Assomo, emphasized the importance of joint military operations to maintain regional stability. The ministers also highlighted the issue of elephant poaching and the proliferation of weapons. Chad's defense minister, Daoud Yaya Brahim, called for immediate action to stop kidnappings, cattle theft, and elephant slaughter. Civilians are suffering due to insecurity and poverty. Joseph Vincent Ntuda Ebode, a lecturer and director at the Center for Research in Political and Strategic Studies, criticized the delay in organizing such a meeting, considering the mutual security interests of both nations.

Defense ministers and security experts from Cameroon and Chad are convening in Yaounde to discuss joint efforts to combat security threats along their shared border. The region faces frequent Boko Haram terrorist attacks and cross-border crimes, including attacks on civilians and wildlife. The porous border between the two countries allows armed groups to evade capture. Cameroon’s defense minister, Joseph Beti Assomo, emphasized the importance of joint military operations to maintain regional stability. The ministers acknowledged a reduction in elephant poaching but recognized the ongoing threat of weapon proliferation. Chad's defense minister, Daoud Yaya Brahim, highlighted the need to address kidnappings, cattle theft, and elephant slaughter. Civilians are currently held hostage by armed gangs, though numbers were not disclosed. Joseph Vincent Ntuda Ebode, a lecturer and director at the Center for Research in Political and Strategic Studies, criticized the delay in organizing such a meeting, considering the mutual security interests of both nations.

Gabon has been experiencing civil unrest since a military coup 30 days ago ended the Bongo family's rule. Protests are ongoing, with various groups including those living with HIV/AIDS, magistrates, and workers demanding better living conditions and pay. The military junta, which took power on August 30, is facing pressure to address these issues and has met with some protest groups. The junta claims the coup prevented a civil war and is asking for time to restore stability and promote economic development. They have created a transitional constitutional council and appointed civilians to government positions, but have not specified a timeline for the transition.

Gabon has been experiencing a period of political upheaval since a military coup 30 days ago ended the Bongo family's rule. The new military junta faces daily protests from various groups including trade unions, workers, students, and people living with HIV or AIDS, all demanding better living conditions. The protests have highlighted issues such as shortages of antiretroviral drugs, low pay, and poor working conditions. The military ruler, General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, has engaged in negotiations with magistrates and has made commitments to improve their working conditions. The junta has also announced the creation of a transitional constitutional council and the appointment of civilians to key positions, but acknowledges the challenges ahead, including managing an internal debt of about $5 billion and recovering ill-gotten wealth, as they work towards restoring stability and sustainable economic development.

Gabon's Prime Minister, Raymond Ndong Sima, has appealed to the international community to lift sanctions and give the military junta time to implement reforms and conduct a national dialogue following the coup that ousted President Ali Bongo Ondimba. The military takeover, which prevented a potential civil war, has led to international calls for a return to constitutional order. The U.S. has suspended certain foreign assistance programs, pending a review. The military junta plans to restore stability, fight corruption, and ensure economic development before elections. The timeframe for these reforms and the return to civilian rule is unspecified. International concerns have been raised by various countries and organizations, including the UN and the African Union.

Chad is preparing for presidential elections on May 6, with close to 20 candidates challenging the military ruler General Mahamat Idriss Deby. The final list of candidates will be announced on March 24. Ndjelar Koumadji Mariam, the only female candidate, is committed to social justice and fighting corruption. Opposition leader Success Masra aims to reunite citizens, while Deby, supported by over 200 parties and civil society groups, is credited with maintaining peace and stability. However, candidates Nasra Djimasngar and Bruce Mbaimon accuse Deby of political manipulation. The elections follow the controversial death of opposition leader Yaya Dillo. Campaigning starts on April 14, and the electoral commission views the polls as a return to constitutional order.

Human Rights Watch (HRW) has accused the Cameroon military of engaging in serious human rights abuses, including killing, looting, torture, and burning homes. The military has not yet responded to the report. However, the defense minister of Cameroon acknowledged the occurrence of such abuses last month and has directed the military personnel to cease these actions. The article highlights the allegations made by HRW and the initial steps taken by the Cameroonian government to address the issue.